In medicine, it is used in radiation therapy. In small amounts, it is used to calibrate radiation-detection equipment.
Uses Ĭaesium-137 has a number of practical uses. One gram of 137Cs has an activity of 3.215 terabecquerel (TBq).
A total of 85.1% of 137Cs decay generates gamma ray emission in this manner. Barium-137m decays to the ground state by emission of photons having energy 0.6617 MeV. Barium-137m has a half-life of about 153 seconds, and is responsible for all of the gamma ray emissions in samples of 137Cs. The remainder directly populates the ground state of 137Ba, which is stable. Ībout 94.6% decays by beta emission to a metastable nuclear isomer of barium: barium-137m ( 137mBa, Ba-137m). The characteristic 662 keV peak does not originate directly from 137Cs, but from the decay of 137mBa to its stable state.Ĭaesium-137 has a half-life of about 30.05 years. Seaborg and Margaret Melhase.ġ37Cs gamma spectrum. After being deposited onto the soil as radioactive fallout, it moves and spreads easily in the environment because of the high water solubility of caesium's most common chemical compounds, which are salts. Caesium-137 has a relatively low boiling point of 671 ☌ (1,240 ☏) and easily becomes volatile when released suddenly at high temperature, as in the case of the Chernobyl nuclear accident and with atomic explosions, and can travel very long distances in the air. It is among the most problematic of the short-to-medium-lifetime fission products. Trace quantities also originate from spontaneous fission of uranium-238. The cost of the metal may range between $38 and $40 per gram.), cesium-137 (US), or radiocaesium, is a radioactive isotope of caesium that is formed as one of the more common fission products by the nuclear fission of uranium-235 and other fissionable isotopes in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. As cesium ions can be ionized and have a high mass, they may be used as a propellant in ion engines of spaceships.The nuclear explosion of uranium produces the two isotopes, Cs-134 and Cs-137.
#How many valence electrons does caesium have skin
Eye contamination or spillage over the skin can cause extreme irritation and inflammation. Īccidental ingestion can affect the liver, intestine, and kidneys. Cesium vapour magnetometer is used in the measurement of earth’s magnetic field.Cesium-137 implants have been used in some clinical trials to carry out radiation therapy of breast cancer. In some animal studies, the quantity of the element had been increased to raise the pH of the tumor cells and kill them. Seed implants made from Cs have been used as a part of brachytherapy for treatment of prostate cancer.The element, when combined with oxygen, acts as a getter to remove trace gases and other impurities from vacuum tubes.It plays the role of a catalyst in the hydrogenation of some organic compounds.Atomic clocks and wrist watches made from cesium, also called cesium-beam frequency standard, are used in internet and mobile phone networks, and Global Positioning System satellites to measure the standard time.Cesium Atomic Structure (Bohr Diagram) What are the Uses of Cesium
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